International Mother Language Day, also known as Ekushey February, is observed on February 21st every year. This day has significant historical and cultural importance, especially in Bangladesh.
The origins of International Mother Language Day can be traced back to the events of February 21, 1952, in Bangladesh (then East Pakistan). During that time, the people of East Pakistan were advocating for the recognition of Bengali as one of the official languages of Pakistan.
The central government in West Pakistan attempted to impose Urdu as the sole official language, disregarding the linguistic diversity of the country. This decision faced strong opposition from the Bengali-speaking population of East Pakistan.
On February 21, 1952, students and activists took part in a peaceful protest in Dhaka to demand the recognition of Bengali as one of the official languages. The situation escalated, leading to a tragic event known as the "Language Movement." Several protesters were killed when the police opened fire on the demonstrators.
The sacrifices made by those who fought for their linguistic rights were eventually recognized. In 1956, Bengali gained official status as one of the languages of Pakistan, and in 1971, Bangladesh achieved independence from Pakistan.
In 1999, UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) proclaimed February 21 as International Mother Language Day to promote linguistic and cultural diversity worldwide and to remember the events of the Language Movement in Bangladesh. The day serves as a reminder of the importance of linguistic rights, cultural heritage, and the promotion of multilingualism. It encourages people to celebrate and preserve their mother languages and fosters the understanding of linguistic and cultural diversity globally